What does the maximum current a conductor can continuously carry without exceeding its temperature rating depend on?

The maximum current a conductor can continuously carry without exceeding its temperature rating is primarily determined by the conductor's size and insulation type. The size of the conductor is crucial because a larger conductor has a greater cross-sectional area, which allows it to carry more current and dissipate heat more effectively. The insulation type is also essential because different insulation materials have varying heat resistance and thermal properties. Insulation that can withstand higher temperatures will allow the conductor to carry more current without risking damage.

These factors help establish the ampacity of the conductor, which is its ability to safely carry an electrical current under specific conditions. Ampacity tables in the National Electrical Code (NEC) provide guidelines based on these parameters to ensure that electrical installations are safe and efficient.

In contrast, while the voltage of the circuit may influence certain aspects of electrical systems, it does not directly determine the current-carrying capacity of the conductor. Similarly, the operating frequency of the circuit and the type of conduit used can have effects on efficiency and heat dissipation but are less critical in defining the maximum current capacity of a conductor compared to its size and insulation characteristics.